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Home / Wheel Loaders / JCB Wheel Loaders / JCB 413S HT

JCB 413S HT Troubleshooting

The JCB 413S HT wheel loader is powered by 291 cu.in (4.8L) JCB EcoMAX T4F 4-cylinder turbocharged liquid-cooled diesel engine with a rated power of 145.2 hp (108.3 kW) at 2200 rpm. The JCB 413S HT is equipped with a six-speed transmission, power steering system, multi-plate wet disc brakes, and 460/70R24 standard tires. The hydraulic system has a pump with fluid flow rate of 41.2 gpm (156 lpm). The hydraulic pressure is 3480 psi (240 bar). The wheel loader has a rated operating capacity of 7068 lbs (3213 kg) and tipping load of 14135 lbs (6425 kg). The maximum lift height is 141.4" (3580 mm) to hinge pin, and bucket breakout force is 15190 lbs (6905 kg).

Engine Troubleshooting

Engine starts hard or won't start
There is air in the fuel system - Bleed the system.
Fuel filter element is dirty - Change the filter element.
Dirty or faulty injection nozzles - Service or change injection nozzles.
Water or dirt in fuel system - Drain, flush, and service the system.
Excessive valve clearance - Have it adjusted.
Fuel injection pump failure - Replacement or repair required.

Engine starts and immediately shuts off
Plugged air cleaner - Clean or change.
Fuel filter plugging - Clean or change the filter.
Fuel injection pump has loose connections - Tighten the connections.
Fuel injectors are dirty or defective - Test and replace fuel injectors if necessary.
Fuel injection pump failure - Rebuild or replace pump.

Engine stalls after running
Engine is cold - Warm up to required temperature.
Fuel filter plugging - Replace filter element.
Air trapped in fuel system - Bleed air.
Fuel injection nozzles are damaged or dirty - Test injection nozzles and change if necessary.
Fuel injection pump timing is wrong - Adjust the pump as required.

Engine stalls when idle
Improperly adjusted low idle speed - Correct low idle settings.
Fuel injection pump is not working correctly - Repair or replace injection pump.
Fuel injectors are dirty or defective - Inspect fuel injectors and change as required.
Valve clearance is wrong - Need to adjust valve clearance.

Lack of engine power
Air cleaner is clogged - Service or replace air cleaner.
Fuel injection nozzles fault - Test injection nozzles and change if necessary.
Incorrect fuel injection pressure - Adjust pressure to proper level.
Valve out of adjustment - Adjust valve clearance according to specifications.
Low idle speed adjustment is incorrect - Test and adjust.
Dirty fuel lines or hoses - Clean fuel hoses and lines.
Worn cylinder head gasket - Replace cylinder head gasket.
Worn or broken piston rings - Install new piston rings.

Engine is overheated
Insufficient coolant fluid - Fill radiator to proper level and check components for faults.
Engine oil insufficient - Check and refill engine oil.
Radiator core is dirty or radiator cap is damaged - Clean radiator or replace cap.
Excessive wear of the fan belt - Replace the fan belt.
Diesel engine is overloaded - Reduce load on the engine.

Oil pressure is insufficient
Oil level is insufficient - Check and refill the oil.
Clogged oil filter element - Clean or replace engine oil filter element.
Wrong oil viscosity - Use proper viscosity oil.
Main bearing oil clearance is excessive - Bearings need to be reinstalled.
Worn oil pump - Remove and inspect oil pump.

Abnormal engine knocking or noise
Engine oil level low - Fill up the engine oil.
Coolant temperature is low - Warm up the engine.
Timing of fuel injection pump is incorrect - Adjust fuel injection pump as required.
Low idle speed adjustment is incorrect - Adjust low idle speed.
Fuel injectors are dirty or defective - Test and replace fuel injectors if necessary.
Misaligned or defective connecting rod - Need to replace or align the connecting rod.
Pistons are worn or scored - Replace the pistons as required.

Transmission Troubleshooting

Insufficient transmission oil pressure
Transmission oil level is low - Fill the transmission housing to proper oil level.
Dirty transmission fluid filter element (if equipped) - Service or change transmission fluid filter.
Relief valve malfunction - Replace the valve.

Transmission noises
Low oil level - Fill up the transmission oil.
Transmission oil is dirty - Fill up with fresh transmission oil.
Defective gears or improper backlash - Change worn gears or adjust backlash correctly.
Bearings are broken or worn - Bearings need to be changed.
Shift forks are bent or worn out - Change defective shift forks.
Shaft splines are damaged or worn - Shaft need to be changed.

Gears are hard to shift
Stuck or worn gear shift linkage - Lubricate or replace the shift linkage.
Worn or bent gear shift forks - Shift forks need to be replaced.
Gearshift mechanism is damaged - Replace or repair the mechanism.
Worn or improperly adjusted clutch - Change or adjust clutch.

Transmission oil leaking
Transmission fluid level is exceeded - Excess fluid must be drained.
Seals or gaskets are broken - Replace worn seal or gaskets.

Hydraulics Troubleshooting

Hydraulic system has overheating
Hydraulic pressure is not correct - Adjust pressure correctly.
Main relief valve improper adjustment or failure - Replace or set up the relief valve.
Hydraulic fluid is contaminated - The fluid must be changed.
Not enough hydraulic oil in the system - Add oil to the hydraulic system.
Worn hydraulic oil pump - Replace or repair pump if necessary.

Lift arm can't drop or lift
Lift controls are defective - Change or repair.
Hydraulic pump malfunction - Replace or repair pump if necessary.
Damaged hydraulic control valve - Repair or change hydraulic valve.
Defective hydraulic cylinder - Install a new boom cylinder or repair it.
Insufficient hydraulic fluid - Fill up the hydraulic fluid.

Bucket can't tilt
Damaged bucket controls - Inspect and repair if necessary.
Hydraulic pump not working - Change or repair hydraulic pump if required.
Hydraulic control valve is faulty - Repair or replace the valve.
Bucket cylinder is faulty - Repair or replace cylinder.
Hydraulic fluid is insufficient - Add fluid as required.

Slow bucket or lift arm operation
Faulty hydraulic oil pump - Flow-rate hydraulic pump and replace pump if necessary.
Leaking hydraulic cylinder - Correct leakage by changing the seals.
Low hydraulic oil level - Checking hydraulic oil level and add if necessary.
Hydraulic control valve is faulty or out of adjustment - Adjust properly or repair.
Hydraulic pressure loss - Hydraulic pressure must be set correctly.

Lift arm or bucket is working jerkily
Air in the hydraulic system - Bleed hydraulic system.
Dirty hydraulic oil filter element - Change or clean oil filter.
Hydraulic oil is dirty - Change hydraulic oil.
Scored cylinder tube or rod - Change defective component.

Hydraulic pump makes excessive noise
Hydraulic system leaking or not enough oil - Repair hydraulic leaks or add oil as required.
Dirty hydraulic filter - Change or clean oil filter.
Suction line clogging - Service the suction line.
Pump sucks air - Bleed air.
Damaged pump parts - Install new hydraulic pump or rebuild it.

Electrical Troubleshooting

Battery cannot be charged
Loose or corroded electrical wiring connections - Tighten or clean connections.
Faulty battery terminal connectors - Change terminal connectors.
Battery bad cell - Replace the battery.
Belt is loose or defective - Adjust belt tension or install a new belt.

Starter cranks slowly
Battery voltage is low - Battery is drained, charge it.
Battery runs out quickly - Battery needs service or replacement.
Bad battery terminals or disconnected wiring - Check cable connections and change or clean terminals.

Starter is not cranking
Battery is low or faulty - Charge or change the battery.
Wiring is incorrectly connected or disconnected - Inspect wiring and connect correctly.
Low battery output voltage - Low battery charging, charge as required.
Faulty starter motor - Starter should be replaced.

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WHEEL LOADERS SPECIFICATIONS

Wheel Loaders, Skid Steers, and Compact Track Loaders