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Home / Wheel Loaders / Caterpillar Wheel Loaders / Cat 914M

Caterpillar 914M Troubleshooting

The Caterpillar 914M compact wheel loader driveline system components: a 268.5 cu.in (4.4L) Caterpillar C4.4 ACERT 4-cylinder turbocharged diesel engine with a rated power of 96 hp (72 kW), and hydrostatic transmission. The hydraulic system has a pump with a rated capacity of 24 gal/min (90 l/min). The system relief pressure is 4060 psi (280 bar). The Cat 914M is equipped with a power steering system, hydraulic wet disc brakes, and 17.5x25 tires. The wheel loader has a maximum lift height of 145.7" (3700 mm) and bucket breakout force of 19245 lbs (8730 kg). The rated operating capacity is 6105 lbs (2770 kg), and tipping load is 12210 lbs (5540 kg).

Engine Troubleshooting

Engine starts hard or will not start
Air trapped in fuel system - Bleed air.
Dirty fuel filter - Replace the filter element.
Defective or clogged injection nozzle - Replace injection nozzles.
Water in the fuel system - Change fuel and repair fuel system.
Excessive valve clearance - Need to adjust valve clearance.
Defective fuel injection pump - Repair or install new pump.

Diesel starts but immediately shuts off
Dirty air cleaner - Service or replace air cleaner.
Clogged fuel filter - Change filter element.
Fuel injection pump is leaking - Repair any leaks.
Damaged or clogged injectors - Clean fuel injectors or change it.
Fuel injection pump is damaged - Install a new pump or rebuild.

Engine stalls after running
Engine not warmed up - Warm up to required temperature.
Fuel filter element is dirty - Replace filter element.
Air trapped in fuel system - Bleed air.
Fuel injection nozzles are faulty or clogged - Replace injection nozzles.
Fuel injection pump timing is not adjusted - Adjust the pump as required.

Engine stalls at low idle speed
Incorrect low idle speed adjustment - Adjustment required.
Fuel injection pump malfunction - Repair or replace injection pump.
Defective fuel injectors - Clean fuel injectors or change it.
Valve clearance is out of adjustment - Correct valve clearance.

Diesel power loss
Dirty air filter - Service or replace the air filter.
Fuel injection nozzles fault - Install a new kit of correctly balanced nozzles.
Improper fuel injection pressure - Test fuel injection pressure and adjust it correctly.
Valve out of adjustment - Adjust to proper valve clearance.
Improperly adjusted low idle speed - Correct low idle settings.
Fuel hoses or lines are clogged - Fuel lines and hoses need to be cleaned.
Cylinder head gasket is blown - Gasket should be replaced.
Worn or damaged piston rings - Replace piston rings.

Engine is overheated
Low engine coolant - Add coolant and check the components of cooling system.
Engine oil level low - Fill the crankcase with engine oil.
Defective radiator cap or clogged radiator fins - Clean radiator or replace cap.
Fan belt is loose or defective - Replace the fan belt.
Engine overloaded - Load reducing is recommended.

Insufficient oil pressure
Oil level is insufficient - Need to add oil.
Clogged oil filter element - Service or replace engine oil filter.
Improper type of engine oil - Drain crankcase and refill with correct oil.
Main bearing oil clearance is excessive - Replace bearings.
Worn oil pump - Replace as required.

Abnormal engine noise or knocking
Low engine oil level - Fill the crankcase with engine oil.
Engine is not fully warmed up - Warm up to required temperature.
Fuel injection pump timing is wrong - Set up as recommended.
Incorrectly set low idle speed - Adjustment required.
Fuel injector fault - Clean fuel injectors or change it.
Connecting rod is worn or not aligned - Need to align or replace the connecting rod.
Piston wear or scoring - Install new pistons.

Hydrostatic Transmission Troubleshooting

HST transmission makes noise
Dirty transmission fluid or insufficient fluid level - Fill to required level or change the fluid.
Defective or not adjusted speed control pedal linkage - Adjust or install new linkage.
Relief valve is stuck - Replace the valve.
Transmission overloaded - Reduce the load is required.
Worn or defective transmission components - Replace or repair defective components.

Lack of power
Insufficient transmission oil - Fill the transmission housing with oil.
Relief valve is damaged - Change the valve.
Worn or unadjusted speed control linkage - Adjust or change linkage.

Transmission oil overheating
Transmission oil level is low - Need to add transmission oil.
Transmission oil filter element clogging - Clean or change transmission oil filter.
Clogged or damaged cooling components - Inspect all cooling components and replace or repair if necessary.
Transmission is under excessive load - Load needs to be reduced.

External oil leaks
Damaged gaskets or seals - Gaskets or seal need to be replaced.
High internal transmission case pressure - Check hydrostatic transmission components for defect or damage and change if necessary.
Oil drain line is clogged - Clean or change the line.

Hydraulics Troubleshooting

Hydraulic system overheated
Hydraulic pressure is not correct - Correct setting is required.
Main relief valve is defective or unadjusted - Adjust the valve or replace if necessary.
Hydraulic fluid is dirty - Change hydraulic fluid.
Hydraulic fluid level is low - Add fluid to the hydraulic system.
Defective hydraulic pump - Repair or replace pump if necessary.

Lift arm cannot be raised or lowered
Lift controls failure - Check and repair as required.
Defective hydraulic pump - Repair or change pump if required.
Faulty hydraulic control valve - Repair or replace hydraulic valve.
Faulty hydraulic cylinder - Repair or replace hydraulic cylinder.
Hydraulic fluid level low - Fill up the hydraulic fluid.

Bucket fails to tilt
Bucket controls failure - Repair or change.
Damaged hydraulic oil pump - Repair or change pump if required.
Hydraulic control valve failure - Change or repair hydraulic valve.
Hydraulic bucket cylinder is broken - Repair or replace cylinder.
Hydraulic oil is insufficient - Check and refill the hydraulic oil.

Bucket or lift arm is working slowly
Worn hydraulic oil pump - Check hydraulic pump flow and replace pump if necessary.
Hydraulic cylinder leaking - Cylinder seals need to be replaced.
Insufficient hydraulic fluid - Fill up the hydraulic fluid.
Defective or not adjusted hydraulic control valve - Repair or adjust properly.
Hydraulic pressure loss - Adjust pressure as required.

Bucket or boom is jerky
Hydraulic system is leaking air - Air bleeding is required.
Clogged hydraulic oil filter element - Service or change the hydraulic filter.
Hydraulic oil is contaminated - Change hydraulic oil.
Cylinder tube or rod is scored - Change worn component.

Hydraulic pump makes excessive noise
Hydraulic leaks or low oil level - Remedy hydraulic leakage or refill oil as necessary.
Plugged hydraulic filter - Service or replace hydraulic filter.
Dirty suction line - Suction line must be serviced.
Air trapped in hydraulic pump - Remove air from hydraulics.
Worn pump parts - Replace or rebuild the pump.

Electrical Troubleshooting

Battery is not charging
Loose or corroded electrical wiring connections - Service or tighten connections.
Battery terminal connectors are defective - Change terminal connectors.
Battery faulty cell - Change the battery.
Worn or loose belt - Install a new belt or adjust belt tension.

Starter cranks slow
Low battery capacity - Battery is drained, charge it.
Battery is draining quickly - Service battery or replace it.
Bad battery terminals or disconnected wiring - Check battery wires and service or replace terminals.

Starter doesn't crank
Battery is discharged or worn - Replace or charge as required.
Wiring is improperly connected or disconnected - Check wiring and connect properly.
Low battery power - Charge the battery.
Starter motor is damaged - Change or repair starter.

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WHEEL LOADERS SPECIFICATIONS

Wheel Loaders, Skid Steers, and Compact Track Loaders