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Home / Wheel Loaders / Case Wheel Loaders / Case W14B

Case W14B Troubleshooting

The Case W14B wheel loader driveline system components: 359 cu.in (5.9L) Case 6-590 6-cylinder direct injection liquid-cooled diesel engine with a rated power of 90 hp (67.1 kW), and 3-speed powershift transmission. The hydraulic system has a pump with a rated capacity of 37.5 gal/min (142 l/min). The system relief pressure is 2290 psi (158 bar). The Case W14B is equipped with a hydrostatic power steering, hydraulic caliper disc brakes, and 15.5x25 tires. The wheel loader has a maximum lift height to hinge pin of 134" (3400 mm) and boom breakout force of 15500 lbs (7045 kg). The rated operating capacity is 6745 lbs (3060 kg), and tipping load is 13490 lbs (6120 kg).

Engine Troubleshooting

Engine hard to start or will not start
Air in the fuel pipes - Bleed the fuel pipes.
Clogged fuel filter - Change the filter element.
Fuel injection nozzles are dirty or defective - Service or change injection nozzles.
Water in the fuel system - Change fuel and repair fuel system.
The valve clearance is incorrect - Adjust valve clearance.
Damaged fuel injection pump - Replace injection pump or repair it.

Diesel starts but stalls immediately
Air cleaner is clogged - Service or replace air cleaner.
Dirty fuel filter - Replace the filter element.
Fuel injection pump has loose connections - Tighten the connections.
Dirty or defective injectors - Inspect fuel injectors and change as required.
Damaged fuel injection pump - Change or repair the pump.

Engine stops running suddenly
Engine is cold - Normalize the temperature by warming up the engine.
Fuel filter plugging - Clean or change the filter.
There is air in the fuel system - Bleed the system.
Clogged injection nozzle - Replace injection nozzles.
Fuel injection pump timing is wrong - Set up as recommended.

Engine stops at low idle speed
Too low idle RPM - Need to adjust idle speed.
Faulty fuel injection pump - Replace or repair injection pump.
Defective fuel injectors - Test and replace fuel injectors if necessary.
Valve clearance is out of adjustment - Correct valve clearance needs to be set.

Low engine power
Air cleaner is clogged - Install new air cleaner element.
Defective or clogged injection nozzle - Test injection nozzles and change if necessary.
Fuel injection pressure is incorrect - Adjust to proper pressure.
Valve clearance is out of adjustment - Correct valve clearance.
Too low idle RPM - Correct low idle adjustment.
Dirty fuel lines or hoses - Clean fuel lines and hoses.
Cylinder head gasket is blown - Gasket should be replaced.
Piston rings are leaking or defective - Replace the piston rings as required.

Engine overheated
Lack of engine coolant - Refill to the correct level and inspect system for leaks.
Engine oil level is low - Need to add engine oil.
Radiator core is clogged or radiator cap is leaking - Clean radiator or install new cap.
Fan belt is broken or worn - Change the fan belt.
Engine is under excessive load - Reduce engine load.

Oil pressure is insufficient
Engine oil level low - Fill the crankcase with oil.
Dirty oil filter - Replace or service engine oil filter.
Incorrect engine oil Use oil of correct viscosity.
Crankshaft bearing oil clearance is incorrect - Replace bearings.
Oil pump malfunction - Remove and inspect oil pump.

Abnormal engine knocking or noise
Low engine oil level - Checking oil level and add if necessary.
Engine not warmed up - Warm up to required temperature.
Wrong setting of fuel injection pump timing - Adjust as recommended.
Incorrectly set low idle speed - Adjust low idling as recommended.
Fuel injectors are faulty or clogged - Replace or clean fuel injectors.
Misaligned or faulty connecting rod - Replace or align connecting rod.
Pistons are scored or worn - Pistons need to be replaced.

Transmission Troubleshooting

Low transmission fluid pressure
Transmission oil level is low - Need to add transmission oil.
Transmission oil filter is clogged (if fitted) - Clean or replace the transmission filter.
Relief valve failure - Install a new relief valve.

Transmission noise
Low oil level - Check and refill the transmission oil.
Transmission oil is dirty - Fill up with fresh transmission oil.
Gears are damaged or backlash is incorrect - Install new gears and adjust backlash properly.
Worn or broken bearings - Faulty bearings should be replaced.
Damaged or worn gear shift forks - Change defective shift forks.
Worn or stuck shaft splines - Shaft need to be replaced.

Gear shift is hard
Corroded or worn gear shift linkage - Shift linkage need to be replaced.
Worn or damaged gear shift forks - Change defective shift forks.
Worn parts of the gear shifting mechanism - Change worn parts.
Worn or improperly adjusted clutch - Adjust or replace the clutch.

Transmission oil leakage
Transmission fluid level is high - Correct the fluid level.
Seals or gaskets are broken - Gaskets or seal need to be replaced.

Hydraulics Troubleshooting

Hydraulic system overheats
Incorrect hydraulic pressure setting - Correct setting is required.
Main relief valve malfunction or improper adjustment - Replace or set up the relief valve.
Contaminated hydraulic fluid - The fluid must be changed.
Not enough hydraulic fluid in the system - Fill the hydraulic system with oil.
Hydraulic pump is defective - Replace or repair pump if necessary.

Lift arm won't raise or lower
Defective lift controls - Change or repair.
Damaged hydraulic oil pump - Change or repair hydraulic pump if required.
Hydraulic control valve is faulty - Replace or repair the valve.
Hydraulic cylinder is defective - Replace or repair boom cylinder.
Hydraulic oil is insufficient - Need to add oil.

Bucket does not tilt
Damaged bucket controls - Inspect and repair if necessary.
Hydraulic pump failure - Change or repair hydraulic pump if required.
Damaged hydraulic control valve - Install a new valve or repair it.
Faulty hydraulic bucket cylinder - Change or repair cylinder.
Hydraulic oil is insufficient - Checking hydraulic oil level and add if necessary.

Bucket or lift arm is moving slowly
Defective hydraulic pump - Test pump flow rate and replace pump if required.
Hydraulic cylinder oil leakage - Replace cylinder piston seals.
Hydraulic fluid level low - Fill up the hydraulic fluid.
Defective or not adjusted hydraulic control valve - Adjust correctly or repair.
Hydraulic pressure has dropped - Adjust pressure as required.

Lift arm or bucket jerks when working
Air in the hydraulic system - Air bleeding is required.
Dirty hydraulic oil filter element - Clean or replace the filter.
Contaminated hydraulic fluid - Hydraulic fluid change required.
Scored cylinder tube or rod - Change defective component.

Excessive hydraulic pump noise
Leaking hydraulic system or insufficient oil level - Top up hydraulic oil or remedy leakage in system.
Hydraulic filter clogging - Clean or change the filter.
Plugged suction line - Need to clean the suction line.
Air enters the pump - Bleed air from hydraulics.
Pump parts are damaged - Install new hydraulic pump or rebuild it.

Electrical Troubleshooting

Battery does not charge
Corroded or loose cable connections - Service or tighten connections.
Battery terminal clamps are defective - Terminal clamps should be changed.
Battery is worn - Battery change required.
Defective or loose belt - Adjust belt tension or replace belt.

Starter motor turns slow
Low battery output voltage - Low battery charging, charge as required.
Battery discharges quickly - Service or change the battery.
Disconnected battery cables or bad terminals - Check wire connections and change or service terminals.

Starter motor won't turn
Battery is drained or worn - Charge or replace the battery.
Battery cables are disconnected or incorrectly connected - Check cables and connect as needed.
Low battery output - Battery is drained, recharge it.
Starter motor is defective - Repair or replace starter.

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