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Home / Wheel Loaders / Case Wheel Loaders / Case 821F

Case 821F Troubleshooting

The Case 821F wheel loader driveline system components: 411 cu.in (6.7L) FPT F4HFE613X 6-cylinder turbocharged liquid-cooled diesel engine with a rated power of 178 hp (133 kW), and 4-speed or 5-speed autoshift transmission with torque converter. The closed center hydraulic system has a pump with a rated capacity of 63.2 gal/min (240 l/min). The Case 821F is equipped with an articulated steering system, hydraulic wet disc brakes, and 23.5x25 tires. The wheel loader has a maximum lift height of 162.3" (4125 mm) and bucket breakout force of 35338 lbs (16030 kg). The rated operating capacity is 13613 lbs (6175 kg), and tipping load is 27225 lbs (12350 kg).

Engine Troubleshooting

Diesel engine hard to start or doesn't start
Air in the fuel lines - Bleed the fuel lines.
Fuel filter plugged - Change filter element.
Fuel injection nozzles are damaged - Inspect nozzles and replace if necessary.
Dirt or water in fuel system - Drain water or flush dirt from the system.
The valve clearance is not adjusted - Need to adjust valve clearance.
Fuel injection pump is not working correctly - Rebuild or replace pump.

Engine starts but stalls suddenly
Clogged air filter - Clean or change filter.
Dirty fuel filter - Replace filter element.
Poor fuel injection pump tightness - Look for any leaks of fuel pump, tighten it fast.
Damaged or clogged injectors - Replace or clean fuel injectors.
Fuel injection pump malfunctioning - Repair or install a new fuel pump.

Engine stalls during operation
Engine is cold - Warm up the engine.
Clogged fuel filter - Service or replace the filter.
Air trapped in fuel system - Bleed air.
Fuel injection nozzles are damaged or dirty - Check and replace nozzles if required.
Wrong setting of fuel injection pump timing - Adjust fuel injection pump as required.

Engine stops while idling
Incorrect low idle setting - Adjustment required.
Fuel injection pump is not working correctly - Repair or install new pump.
Damaged or clogged injectors - Change or clean fuel injectors.
The valve clearance is not adjusted - Adjust valve clearance.

Lack of engine power
Plugged air cleaner - Clean or replace air cleaner element.
Faulty or dirty injection nozzles - Replace injection nozzles.
Incorrect fuel injection pressure - Test fuel injection pressure and adjust it correctly.
Incorrect valve clearance - Check and adjust.
Incorrectly set low idle speed - Test and adjust.
Restricted fuel lines or hoses - Service fuel hoses and lines.
Cylinder-head gasket is leaking - Install a new gasket.
Leaking or defective piston rings - Replace piston rings.

Engine overheating
Engine coolant is insufficient - Add coolant fluid and inspect the cooling system for leaks.
Low engine oil level - Check oil level and add oil as required.
Radiator fins are clogged or radiator cap is faulty - Install new cap or clean radiator.
Loose or damaged fan belt - Belt replacement is recommended.
Engine is under excessive load - Load reducing required.

Insufficient oil pressure
Oil level is low - Checking oil level and add if necessary.
Clogged oil filter - Replace or clean engine oil filter element.
Incorrect engine oil Drain and refill with oil of correct grade and viscosity.
Incorrect crankshaft bearing oil clearance - Install new bearings.
Defective oil pump - Repair or change.

Engine knocking or noise
Not enough engine oil - Checking oil level and add if necessary.
Engine is not warmed up to required temperature - Warm up the engine.
Fuel injection pump timing is not adjusted - Adjust according to specifications.
Low idle speed setting is incorrect - Correct the settings.
Clogged or defective injectors - Replace or clean fuel injectors.
Faulty or misaligned connecting rod - Connecting rod needs to be replaced or aligned.
Pistons are scored or worn - Pistons replacement required.

Transmission Troubleshooting

Transmission oil pressure is low
Transmission fluid level is low - Add fluid to the transmission housing.
Transmission oil filter element clogging (if equipped) - Service or replace the transmission oil filter.
Stuck relief valve - Replace valve as required.

Transmission is excessively noisy
Transmission oil level is low - Add oil to the transmission housing.
Transmission fluid contamination - Fill up with fresh transmission fluid.
Worn gears or incorrect backlash - Adjust backlash correctly or replace the gears.
Bearings are cracked or worn - Install new bearings.
Worn or bent shift forks - Install new shift forks.
Stuck or worn shaft splines - Replace defective shaft.

Hard shifts
Worn or rusty gear shift linkage - Lubricate or replace the shift linkage.
Worn or bent gear shift forks - Change defective shift forks.
Worn out parts of the gearshift mechanism - Replace worn parts.
Clutch is faulty or misadjusted - Clutch replacement or adjustment required.

External fluid leaks
Transmission oil level is exceeded - Correct the oil volume.
Damaged seals or gaskets - Install new components.

Hydraulics Troubleshooting

Hydraulic system has overheating
Hydraulic pressure is incorrect - Adjust it correctly.
Main relief valve is damaged or adjusted improperly - Set up or change the relief valve.
Hydraulic fluid is dirty - Fill up with fresh hydraulic fluid.
Hydraulic oil level is insufficient - Add oil to the hydraulic system.
Worn hydraulic oil pump - Repair or change pump if required.

Lift arm can't drop or lift
Lift controls are damaged - Repair or replace.
Hydraulic pump is broken - Repair or replace pump if necessary.
Hydraulic control valve is faulty - Install a new valve or repair it.
Defective hydraulic cylinder - Repair or replace hydraulic cylinder.
Hydraulic oil level low - Checking hydraulic oil level and add if necessary.

Bucket does not tilt
Faulty bucket tilt controls - Check and repair as required.
Hydraulic pump failure - Repair or change pump if required.
Hydraulic control valve is defective - Install a new valve or repair it.
Hydraulic bucket cylinder not working - Change or repair cylinder.
Hydraulic fluid is insufficient - Checking hydraulic fluid level and add if necessary.

Bucket or lift arm functions slowly
Hydraulic pump is worn - Check pump performance and change it if necessary.
Hydraulic cylinder leaking - Install new cylinder seals.
Insufficient hydraulic fluid - Fill up the hydraulic fluid.
Hydraulic control valve is faulty or out of adjustment - Set correctly or repair.
Hydraulic pressure has dropped - Correct adjustment is required.

Bucket or boom is working jerkily
Air trapped in hydraulic system - Need to bleed air.
Dirty hydraulic oil filter element - Service or replace the hydraulic filter.
Hydraulic oil contamination - Fill up with fresh hydraulic oil.
Cylinder rod or tube is scuffed - Change defective component.

Hydraulic pump is noisy
Low oil level or hydraulic leaks - Remedy hydraulic leakage or refill oil as necessary.
Hydraulic filter clogging - Clean or change the filter.
Plugged suction line - Suction line needs to be cleaned.
Air in hydraulic pump - Air bleeding is required.
Pump parts are faulty - Rebuild or replace hydraulic pump.

Electrical Troubleshooting

Battery will not charge
Corroded or loose cable connections - Service or tighten connections.
Battery terminal clamps are defective - Replace terminal clamps.
Battery faulty cell - Battery replacement required.
Defective or loose belt - Adjust belt tension or replace belt.

Starter motor cranks slow
Low battery power - Battery needs to be recharged.
Battery will not hold charge - Service charging system or change battery.
Bad terminals or disconnected battery cables - Check wiring and clean or replace terminals.

Starter doesn't crank
Battery is discharged or worn - Recharge or change battery.
Wiring harness is disconnected or improperly connected - Check wiring harness and connect as required.
Low battery power - Recharge the battery.
Starter motor failure - Starter should be changed.

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