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Home / Wheel Loaders / Case Wheel Loaders / Case 621F

Case 621F Troubleshooting

The Case 621F wheel loader driveline system components: 411 cu.in (6.7L) Case/FPT F4HFE613Z 6-cylinder turbocharged liquid-cooled diesel engine with a rated power of 138 hp (103 kW), and autoshift transmission with 4 forward and 3 reverse gears. The closed center load-sensing hydraulic system has a pump with a rated capacity of 45.2 gal/min (171 l/min). The Case 621F is equipped with an articulated steering system, hydraulic wet disc brakes, and 20.5x25 tires. The wheel loader has a maximum lift height of 150.8" (3830 mm) and bucket breakout force of 27222 lbs (12348 kg). The rated operating capacity is 9906 lbs (4493 kg), and tipping load is 19811 lbs (8986 kg).

Engine Troubleshooting

Engine starts up hard or doesn't start
Air in the fuel pipes - Bleed the fuel pipes.
Fuel filter element is clogged - Clean the filter or install new filter element.
Fuel injection nozzles are faulty or clogged - If necessary, replace with a new nozzle.
Water in the fuel system - Change fuel and repair fuel system.
Incorrect valve clearance - Adjust valve clearance.
Faulty fuel injection pump - Repair or change injection pump.

Engine starts and then shuts off
Plugged air cleaner - Install new air cleaner element.
Dirty fuel filter - Install new filter element.
Fuel injection pump leakage - Check the fuel injection pump for leaks and fix it.
Defective or clogged fuel injectors - Change or clean fuel injectors.
Fuel injection pump malfunction - Repair or replace injection pump.

Engine stalls during operation
Coolant temperature is low - Normalize the temperature by warming up the engine.
Fuel filter plugging - Change filter element.
Air in the fuel system - Air bleeding.
Fuel injection nozzles are dirty or defective - If necessary, replace with a new nozzle.
Fuel injection pump timing is not adjusted - Use the correct fuel injection pump timing adjustment.

Engine stalls when idle
Incorrect low idle setting - Adjustment required.
Fuel injection pump malfunction - Replace or repair injection pump.
Defective fuel injectors - Replace or clean fuel injectors.
Improper valve clearance - Adjust to proper valve clearance.

Low engine power
Plugged air filter - Clean or change filter.
Fuel injection nozzles are faulty or clogged - If necessary, replace with a new nozzle.
Uneven fuel injection pressure - Check the fuel injection pressure and adjust if necessary.
Excessive valve clearance - Correct valve clearance needs to be set.
Too low idle RPM - Correct the settings.
Fuel lines or hoses are clogged - Fuel lines and hoses need to be cleaned.
Worn cylinder head gasket - Replace the gasket as required.
Defective or worn piston rings - Replace piston rings.

Engine overheated
Low engine coolant - Refill to the correct level and inspect system for leaks.
Engine oil level is low - Check oil level and add oil as required.
Radiator core is dirty or radiator cap is damaged - Replace cap or clean radiator.
Fan belt is broken or worn - Change the fan belt.
Diesel engine is overloaded - Load reducing is recommended.

Low oil pressure
Engine oil level low - Checking oil level and add if necessary.
Engine oil filter is plugged - Change or clean engine oil filter element.
Incorrect oil viscosity - Drain crankcase and refill with correct oil.
Incorrect crankshaft bearing oil clearance - Install new bearings.
Oil pump is damaged - Inspect and change as required.

Engine knocking sound or abnormal noise
Engine oil level low - Check oil level and add oil as required.
Engine is not warmed up to required temperature - Normalize the temperature by warming up the engine.
Fuel injection pump timing is wrong - Adjust fuel injection pump as required.
Low idle speed setting is not correct - Adjustment required.
Fuel injectors are dirty or defective - Change or clean fuel injectors.
Connecting rod is misaligned or defective - Connecting rod needs to be aligned or changed.
Scored or worn pistons - Have pistons replaced.

Transmission Troubleshooting

Insufficient transmission fluid pressure
Lack of transmission fluid - Checking transmission fluid level and add if necessary.
Transmission oil filter is clogged (if fitted) - Clean or replace the transmission filter.
Relief valve malfunction - Install a new valve.

Transmission is excessively noisy
Transmission fluid insufficient - Check and refill the transmission fluid.
Transmission fluid is contaminated - Transmission fluid change required.
Backlash is incorrect or gears are damaged - Adjust backlash properly or replace the gears.
Worn or damaged bearings - Install new bearings.
Worn or damaged gear shift forks - Change defective shift forks.
Damaged or worn shaft splines - Replace the shaft.

Difficult to shift gears
Gear shift linkage is corroded or worn - Shift linkage need to be replaced.
Worn or bent gear shift forks - Shift forks need to be changed.
Worn gear shifting mechanism - Repair or change worn components if necessary.
Unadjusted or worn clutch - Adjust or install new clutch.

Transmission fluid leaks
Transmission oil level is high - Correct the oil volume.
Damaged gaskets or seals - Seals and gaskets need to be replaced.

Hydraulics Troubleshooting

Hydraulic system overheating
Hydraulic pressure is not correct - Adjust pressure correctly.
Faulty or improperly adjusted main relief valve - Replace or set up the relief valve.
Hydraulic oil is contaminated - Fill up with fresh hydraulic oil.
Lack of hydraulic fluid - Add fluid to the hydraulic system.
Faulty hydraulic oil pump - Repair or install new hydraulic pump.

Boom won't lower or raise
Lift controls are faulty - Check and repair as required.
Damaged hydraulic oil pump - Repair or install new hydraulic pump.
Hydraulic control valve is faulty - Replace or repair the valve.
Damaged hydraulic cylinder - Repair or change hydraulic cylinder.
Low hydraulic fluid level - Add fluid as required.

Bucket is not working
Bucket tilt controls are defective - Repair or change.
Hydraulic pump failure - Install new pump or repair it.
Faulty hydraulic control valve - Change or repair hydraulic valve.
Faulty hydraulic bucket cylinder - Repair or replace cylinder.
Low hydraulic oil level - Check and refill the hydraulic oil.

Boom or bucket is moving slowly
Worn hydraulic oil pump - Flow-rate pump and change pump if necessary.
Hydraulic cylinder leaking - Replace cylinder piston seals.
Hydraulic fluid level low - Add fluid as required.
Hydraulic control valve is unadjusted or worn - Repair or adjust properly.
Hydraulic pressure is low - Correct setting is required.

Lift arm or bucket is working jerkily
Hydraulic system is leaking air - Air bleeding is required.
Hydraulic oil filter element is clogged - Service or replace the hydraulic filter.
Dirty hydraulic oil - Fill up with fresh hydraulic oil.
Cylinder tube or rod is scored - Change defective component.

Hydraulic pump makes excessive noise
Lack of oil or hydraulic leakage - Refill hydraulic oil or repair leaks in system.
Dirty hydraulic filter - Service or change hydraulic filter.
Suction line is dirty - Clean suction line as required.
Air in hydraulic pump - Need to bleed air.
Worn pump components - Change or rebuild pump.

Electrical Troubleshooting

Battery won’t charge
Wiring connections are loose or corroded - Tighten or service connections.
Battery terminal connectors are faulty - Terminal connectors need to be changed.
Faulty cell in battery - Change the battery.
Worn or loose belt - Change belt or adjust belt tension.

Starter turns slow
Battery power is low - Charge the battery.
Battery discharges quickly - Service or change the battery.
Battery cables are disconnected or terminals are faulty - Connect wires correctly or change terminals.

Starter is not working
Battery is drained or defective - Recharge or replace battery.
Wire harness is disconnected or incorrectly connected - Check wire harness and connect as required.
Low battery capacity - Battery needs to be recharged.
Faulty starter motor - Repair or replace starter.

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WHEEL LOADERS SPECIFICATIONS

Wheel Loaders, Skid Steers, and Compact Track Loaders