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Home / Wheel Loaders / Bobcat Wheel Loaders / Bobcat L23

Bobcat L23 Troubleshooting

The Bobcat L23 small articulated loader driveline system components: a 76.9 cu.in (1.3L) Kubota D1305 three-cylinder water-cooled diesel engine with a rated power of 24.7 hp (18.5 kW), and hydrostatic transmission. The hydraulic system has a pump with a rated capacity of 12.1 gal/min (45.8 l/min). The system relief pressure is 2900 psi (200 bar). The Bobcat L23 is equipped with a power steering system, hydraulic disc brakes, and 23x8.50-12 tires. The small wheel loader has a maximum lift height to hinge pin of 85.4" (2170 mm) and breakout force of 3080 lbs (1400 kg). The rated operating capacity is 1160 lbs (525 kg), and tipping load is 2320 lbs (1050 kg).

Engine Troubleshooting

Engine difficult to start or will not start
Air trapped in fuel system - Bleed air.
Fuel filter plugging - Change filter element.
Dirty or faulty injection nozzles - Check and replace nozzles if required.
Water in the fuel system - Change fuel and repair fuel system.
The valve clearance is not adjusted - Correct valve clearance needs to be set.
Fuel injection pump failure - Replace or rebuild injection pump.

Engine stalls after starting
Dirty air filter - Change or service air filter element.
Fuel filter plugging - Clean the filter or install new filter element.
Poor fuel injection pump tightness - Look for any leaks of fuel pump, tighten it fast.
Dirty or defective injectors - Clean fuel injectors or change it.
Defective fuel injection pump - Install a new pump or rebuild.

Engine shuts off suddenly during operation
Engine is not preheated - Warm up the engine.
Fuel filter element is dirty - Replace the filter element.
Air in fuel tank - Bleed fuel tank.
Defective or clogged injection nozzle - Check and replace nozzles if required.
Improper setting of fuel injection pump timing - Adjust the pump as required.

Engine stalls at low idle speed
Too low idle RPM - Correct the settings.
Fuel injection pump is broken - Change or repair the pump.
Dirty or defective injectors - Replace fuel injectors.
The valve clearance is not adjusted - Check and adjust.

Engine power loss
Dirty air filter - Service or replace the air filter.
Fuel injection nozzles are damaged or dirty - Inspect nozzles and replace if necessary.
Improper fuel injection pressure - Adjust to proper pressure.
The valve clearance is not adjusted - Adjust valve clearance.
Incorrect low idle speed adjustment - Adjust low idle speed.
Clogged fuel lines or hoses - Clean fuel lines and hoses.
Cylinder head gasket is damaged - Cylinder-head gasket replacement required.
Leaking or defective piston rings - Piston rings replacement required.

Engine overheated
Insufficient coolant - Top up coolant fluid and check system for leaks.
Lack of engine oil - Fill up the engine oil.
Clogged radiator fins or leaking radiator cap - Install new cap or clean radiator.
Fan belt is worn or faulty - Change the fan belt.
Engine overload - Reduce engine load.

Oil pressure is insufficient
Insufficient engine oil - Check oil level and add oil as required.
Oil filter clogged - Change or service engine oil filter.
Different type of engine oil - Drain crankcase and refill with correct oil.
Incorrect crankshaft bearing oil clearance - Bearings need to be reinstalled.
Oil pump is damaged - Repair or replace.

Engine knocking or noise
Lack of engine oil - Check and refill engine oil.
Engine is cold - Warm up to required temperature.
Improper fuel injection timing - Set it up as required.
Incorrect low idle setting - Adjust low idle speed.
Fuel injectors are dirty or defective - Clean fuel injectors or change it.
Connecting rod is not aligned or defective - Need to align or replace the connecting rod.
Scored or worn pistons - Pistons replacement required.

Hydrostatic Transmission Troubleshooting

Excessive hydrostatic transmission noise
Dirty transmission fluid or insufficient fluid level - Top up to proper level or change transmission fluid.
Bent or unadjusted speed control pedal linkage - Repair or adjust linkage.
Relief valve is damaged - Change the valve.
Excessive loading - The load should be reduced.
Worn or defective parts of the hydrostatic transmission - Change or repair defective parts.

Loss of power
Transmission fluid level is low - Checking transmission fluid level and add if necessary.
Relief valve is stuck - Replace the valve.
Worn or out of adjustment speed control linkage - Adjust or repair linkage.

Transmission overheats
Lack of transmission fluid - Checking transmission fluid level and add if necessary.
Transmission fluid filter is clogged - Clean or change transmission fluid filter.
Cooling components are clogged or damaged - Inspect all cooling components and service or change if necessary.
Transmission overloaded - Reduce transmission load.

Transmission oil leaks
Seals or gaskets are worn - Install new gaskets or seal.
High internal transmission housing pressure - Check hydrostatic transmission components for defect or damage and change if necessary.
Oil drain pipe is plugged - Check pipe and service if necessary.

Hydraulics Troubleshooting

Hydraulic system overheating
Hydraulic pressure is not correct - Hydraulic pressure must be set correctly.
Main relief valve malfunction or improper adjustment - Adjust or replace the relief valve.
Contaminated hydraulic fluid - Hydraulic fluid change required.
Not enough hydraulic fluid in the system - Check and refill the hydraulic fluid.
Worn hydraulic oil pump - Replace or repair pump if necessary.

Lift arm does not lower or raise
Lift controls malfunction - Repair or replace.
Damaged hydraulic oil pump - Repair or change pump if required.
Hydraulic control valve is faulty - Repair or replace the valve.
Broken hydraulic cylinder - Repair or replace hydraulic cylinder.
Hydraulic fluid is insufficient - Fill the system to proper hydraulic fluid level.

Bucket is not working
Bucket controls are faulty - Replace or repair.
Damaged hydraulic oil pump - Replace or repair pump if necessary.
Hydraulic control valve is faulty - Repair or change hydraulic valve.
Hydraulic bucket cylinder is defective - Repair or install a new cylinder.
Low hydraulic fluid level - Add fluid as required.

Boom or bucket moves slowly
Hydraulic pump is defective - Check pump flow and change pump if necessary.
Hydraulic cylinder leaking - Cylinder seals need to be replaced.
Insufficient hydraulic oil - Need to add oil.
Defective or not adjusted hydraulic control valve - Repair or adjust correctly.
Hydraulic pressure loss - Hydraulic pressure must be set correctly.

Jerky operation of the bucket or boom
Hydraulic system is leaking air - Air bleeding is required.
Hydraulic oil filter element clogging - Change or clean oil filter.
Dirty hydraulic fluid - Change hydraulic fluid.
Scratched cylinder rod or tube - Replace damaged component.

Hydraulic pump is noisy
Insufficient oil level or leaking hydraulic system - Remedy hydraulic leakage or refill oil as necessary.
Clogged hydraulic filter - Clean or change the filter.
Suction line is dirty - Service the suction line.
Air enters the pump - Air bleeding is required.
Pump parts are damaged - Rebuild or install new pump.

Electrical Troubleshooting

Battery is not charging
Loose or corroded wire connections - Tighten or service cable connections.
Faulty electrical terminal connectors - Terminal connectors should be replaced.
Dead cell in battery - Replace the battery.
Belt is worn or loose - Adjust belt tension or change the belt.

Starter cranks slowly
Battery capacity is low - Battery is drained, charge it.
Battery does not hold charge - Service or replace the battery.
Faulty battery terminals or disconnected cables - Connect cables properly or replace terminals.

Starter motor is not working
Battery is drained or defective - Battery needs to be recharged or replaced.
Wiring is improperly connected or disconnected - Check wiring and connect properly.
Low battery output voltage - Low battery charging, charge as required.
Defective starter motor - Replace or repair starter.

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WHEEL LOADERS SPECIFICATIONS

Wheel Loaders, Skid Steers, and Compact Track Loaders